VBE Certification for Facilities & Janitorial Companies

For businesses that are at least 51% owned by one or more veterans.

Facilities and janitorial services is one of the strongest sectors for diverse supplier participation. Here's why certification matters:

Frequent Small Business Set-Asides: NAICS 561720 (Janitorial Services) is one of the most small-business-friendly codes in federal contracting, with frequent set-asides for 8(a), WOSB/EDWOSB, SDVOSB, and HUBZone businesses. The SBA size standard allows firms up to $22 million in annual revenue, making set-asides accessible to growing companies.

Recurring Contract Revenue: Facilities and janitorial contracts are typically multi-year (base year plus option years), providing stable, recurring revenue. Federal contracts often run 5 years total, and corporate contracts are similarly long-term.

Every Facility Needs Service: Unlike specialized industries, every office building, hospital, courthouse, military installation, and campus needs cleaning and maintenance. This creates a massive, diversified customer base.

Low Capital Requirements: Compared to construction or manufacturing, entry barriers are relatively low. You need trained staff, basic equipment, and insurance—not heavy machinery or factories.

AbilityOne Program: The AbilityOne Program is the largest source of employment for people who are blind or have significant disabilities, using federal purchasing power to buy services from qualifying nonprofits. Understanding this program helps diverse suppliers identify adjacent opportunities.

Must be at least 51% owned by veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces.

VBE eligibility requires veteran status, honorable discharge, and genuine 51% ownership and control. There is no disability requirement.

Veteran status

• Must have served in the U.S. Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, or Space Force
• Discharge must be under honorable conditions: honorable discharge, general under honorable conditions, or medical separation
• Other-than-honorable and dishonorable discharges do not qualify
• Reservists and National Guard members who completed active duty service qualify if discharge meets the above standard

Ownership

• At least 51% unconditionally owned by one or more veterans who are U.S. citizens
• Ownership must reflect genuine equity, not a nominal arrangement created to qualify
• For corporations: veterans must own at least 51% of all voting stock
• For LLCs: veterans must hold at least 51% of membership interests without override provisions that give non-veteran members effective control

Control: management and operations

• Veteran owner(s) must hold the highest officer position (President, CEO, or Managing Member)
• Veteran owner(s) must control day-to-day operations and make long-term strategic decisions
• Management authority cannot be effectively delegated to non-veteran individuals through employment agreements or informal arrangements

Business requirements

• For-profit enterprise operating in the U.S.
• No specific years-in-business minimum, though newer businesses may be asked for additional evidence of operations
• Independent business: not a subsidiary or affiliate where a non-veteran entity exercises control

Step 1: Locate your DD-214 before anything else Your DD-214 (Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty) is the foundational document for VBE certification. It must clearly show your character of discharge. If you need a replacement, request it through the National Archives milrecs.militaryrecords.archives.gov (allow 3-4 weeks for standard requests). Start here if there's any doubt about your DD-214 status.

Step 2: Gather your full document package Before opening the NaVOBA application, collect: DD-214, articles of incorporation or organization, operating agreement or bylaws showing the veteran owner's percentage and management authority, stock certificates or membership ledger, government-issued photo ID, two to three years of business tax returns, current financial statements (P&L and balance sheet), business license, and a representative signed contract or purchase order. Complete preparation prevents mid-session delays.

Step 3: Create your NaVOBA account and complete the application at navoba.org Register at navoba.org/certification/ and work through the application. Sections cover veteran status documentation, ownership structure, management authority, and business profile. Be precise and consistent; any discrepancy between application answers and uploaded documents will trigger a follow-up request.

Step 4: Pay the application fee NaVOBA fees scale with company size, tiered from $350 to $2,000. Verify the current fee schedule at navoba.org before starting the application. Payment is generally required before review begins.

Step 5: NaVOBA review NaVOBA staff reviews the application and supporting documents. For some applicants this includes a follow-up request for clarification or additional documentation. Respond within any stated deadline to avoid delays.

Step 6: Certification decision NaVOBA targets a decision within 30-60 days of a complete application. Once certified, you are listed in NaVOBA's veteran supplier database and can begin using the VBE certification mark.

Federal Opportunities

Key agencies purchasing janitorial and facilities services:

• General Services Administration (GSA): Manages federal buildings nationwide, over $1.4B in Facilities category sales via GSA Schedule in FY2024
• Department of Veterans Affairs (VA): Hundreds of VA hospitals and clinics needing daily custodial and facilities services
• Department of Defense (DoD): Military installations, barracks, offices, and training facilities
• US Postal Service (USPS): Thousands of post offices requiring cleaning and maintenance

Contract Vehicles

• GSA Multiple Award Schedule (MAS) - Facilities Category
• Agency-specific Blanket Purchase Agreements (BPAs)
• IDIQ (Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity) contracts for ongoing services
• 8(a) sole-source contracts up to $4.5 million

Set-Aside Opportunities

NAICS 561720 has extensive small business set-asides:

• Total Small Business set-asides
• 8(a) competitive and sole-source
• WOSB and EDWOSB set-asides
• SDVOSB set-asides (especially at the VA)
• HUBZone set-asides

State and Local

State buildings, public schools, universities, transit systems, and municipal buildings all contract for janitorial and facilities services, often with diverse supplier goals.